Basic cases
 
 
    
 

Nominative

The nominative indicates the subject or the predicate complement of the sentence. The singular form does not have a suffix. The plural suffix is -t.

Finnish

English

enkeli

the angel

enkelit

the angels

Genitive

The genitive indicates the possessor. It often corresponds to the English genitive suffix 's or the preposition of. The genitive suffix is -n in the singular and -en/-in/-den/-tten/-ten in the plural. The plural suffix which is selected depends on the type of word, but there are often many alternatives, anyway.

Finnish

English

enkelin

the angel's

enkelien

the angels'

enkelein

the angels'

enkeleiden

the angels'

enkeleitten

the angels'

enkelten

the angels'

Accusative

The accusative indicates the object of the action. In the singular, the accusative has either no suffix or its suffix is -n/-t. Thus all the nominals, except for some exceptions, have two accusative forms which are always similar either to the nominative or the genitive. The accusative suffix which is selected depends on the context in the sentence. The accusative singular suffix -t is used only with personal pronouns and the interrogative pronoun kuka 'who'. In the plural, the accusative suffix is always -t and that makes the form similar to the nominative plural.

Finnish

English

enkeli

the angel

enkelin

the angel

enkelit

the angels