Essive

1   Case Endings

The essive ending is -na/- both in the singular and in the plural. Because of vowel harmony the ending has two variants.

2   Formation

The essive ending always requires a stem in the strong grade. Therefore, the essive singular is formed using the essive stem and the essive plural using the strong-grade plural stem. The essive ending is added directly to these stems.

Nominative Essive sg Essive pl Translation
jalka jalkana jalkoina foot
varas varkaana varkaina thief
talo talona taloina house
vene venee venei boat